Method of and apparatus for controlling movement of a character-bearing web



4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR' DmzzdEjl rman Var/14M 9 ATTORNEYJ D. F.NEWMAN METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING MOVEMENT OF ACHARACTER-BEARING WEB Filed Sept. 19, 1936 May 30, 1939.

May 30, 1939. D. F. NEWMAN METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLINGMOVEMENTDF A CHARACTER-BEARING WEB Filed Sept. 19, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet2- flN II I. N m M a n R W k, m I E I r i T M N n NF R I. I! .i E O r 1WM ,w 1| Q I MA N. r I 1 D w gm I am Ow B f filllhlllarhlllkr- IIIIIIIIJHI i III H .w m u 0 n 0 9 O u I! 6 Raw ||l].||.|!||| Q h O. I}! kwTilllll Pllll l l f lWlL QM Q w l! mm mm & Q L I m MN MN .H N V I 4% i 1L. i-

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May 30, 1939. D. F. NEWMAN 2,160,530

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING MOVEMENT OF A CHARACTER-BEARINGWEB Filed Sept. .19, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR .DazzzZZE/Vmman M Ma M ATTORN EYJ D. F. NEWMAN METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING May30, 1939.

' MOVEMENT-0F A CHARACTER-BEARING was A Filed Sept. 19, 1936 4Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR A David [Mn mam Patented May 30, 1939 METHOD OFAND APPARATUS FOR- CONTROLLING MOVEMENT OF A CHAR- ACTER-BEARING WEBDavid F. Newman, Itockville Centre, N. Y., as-

signor to Trans-Lox Corporation, a corporation of Delaware ApplicationSeptember 19, 1936, Serial No. 101,644

13 Claims.

My invention relates to a method of andapparatus for controllingmovement of a web upon which transverse rows of characters have beentyped or printed in line formation.

My invention has further reference to a system or arrangement for movinga transversely typed or printed web through a projection field, orequivalent, at relatively slow speed compared with the speed at whichsaid web is moved with respect to a typing or printing station.

Various other objects, advantages and features of my invention willbecome apparent from the following detailed description.

My invention resides in the method, apparatus, combinations andarrangements of the character hereinafter described and claimed.

For an understanding of my invention and for an illustration of some ofthe many forms thereof, reference is to be had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view, partly in section and with partsomitted, showing the combined typing-projecting arrangement of myinvention;

Figure 2 is a front elevational view, partly in section and with partsomitted, of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is an enlarged elevational view showing associated parts of themechanism of Figs. 1 and 2;

Figure 4 is a side elevational view, with parts omitted, of amodification of the invention;

Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the arrangement shown in Fig. 4;and

Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 are schematic views disclosing variousarrangements for controlling a web for movement through a projectionfield.

Referring to the drawings, I have illustrated a suitable projector P anda character forming device T, the latter being of any desired type and,as herein shown, although not necessarily, being exemplified by atypewriter or typing device such as is manufactured by the TeletypeCorporation of Chicago, Illinois and which is operable under electricalcontrol from a central station.

A typing device T of the character noted is well known in the art. Anexplanation of many of the details of such device is not required inconnection with the description of the present invention and, hence,reference will be had only to certain parts which cooperate more or lessclosely with the projector P.

Thus, as shown, the typing device T comprises a frame formed by spacedside members l, I, this frame having the usual operating motor 2associated therewith.

Pivoted at 3 on the respective side members I, l are the arms 4, 4,which are suitably connected together by transverse tie members so as tobe oscillatable together as a unit. Rotatably mounted in the forwardportions of the arms 4, 4, is the platen 5.

Rotatably mounted in the rear sections of the respective side members I,I or in other suitable location is a roll 6 which serves as the sourceof supply for a wide web W which, as shown in Fig. 1, extends toward thefront of the typing device and, in so doing, passes over the uppersurface of a compensating or equalizing idler roll 1, said web W thenpassing around the lower surface of the platen 5 with which it is heldin feeding engagement by the usual lower roller arrangement, not shown.If desired, as shown particularly in Fig. 5, a pair of'suitablypositioned rollers 8, 8, or equivalent, may be utilized for holding theweb snugly against the upper outer surface of the platen 5, theserollers being mounted on the respective levers 9 which are suitablypivoted to the respective arms 4'.

This typing device T. includes a bank of typing keys which movetransversely with respect to the web W as the typing operation proceeds.In Fig. 1, one of these keys I0 is shown, said key coacting with aninking ribbon II to thrust the same against the web W as it rests'on theplaten 5 to thereby type a character on said web W, the lines of suchcharacters being shown at t.

In the form of the invention herein disclosed, although not necessarily,the projector P is disposed interiorly of a cabinet of which the topwall is shown at [2 in Fig. 1, said projector P being maintained infixed or other proper position relative to the typing device T by asuitable bracketarrangement l3 or equivalent, at-' tached to saidcabinet in suitable manner, and the typing device T being movable atwill with respect to the projector so as to be positioned exteriorly ofthe cabinet for periodic inspection and maintenance.

As herein disclosed, the projector P comprises a lamp housing I4 havingtherein a suitable lamp l5 adapted to project a light beam from right toleft, Fig. 1, through a housing It for a condenser lens assembly H. Aplate 18 is secured-to the front of this condenser housing and saidplate has a rectangular opening I9 which serves as the projectionaperture or projection field for defining a section of the web W forprojection purposes.

Extending laterally from the plate I 8 are a pair of spaced ears 20, 2|,Fig. 2, through which extends a pin 22 serving as the pivotal supportfor a frame 23 having, at one side thereof, cars 24, 25 interleavingwith the aforesaid cars 20, 2|.

At its other side, the frame 23 comprises a pair of cars 25, 21 whichinterleave with a set of ears 28, 29 projecting laterally from the platel8. As shown in Fig. 2, a pin 30 coacts with the ears 26, 28 to hold theframe 23 in closed position as illustrated.

In Fig. 1, a bracket ring 3| is shown'as' secured to the aforesaid frame23, this ring 3| serving as a support for an objective lens 32 havingits longitudinal axis positioned vertically. Depending from the ring 3|are a pair of arms 33 which support an inclined mirror 34 disposed inalinement with the aforesaid projection aperture I9. I

Theaforesaid aperture plate 8, at opposite respective sides thereof,comprises the rearward 1y extending ears 35, Fig. 1, these earscontaining bearings for the shaft 36 of a roller 31 hav ing a length atleast as great as the width of the web W, the peripheral surface of thisroller 3'! being corrugated and said roller being rotated in the mannerhereinafter described.

The aforesaid frame 23, adjacentthe respective opposite sides thereof,comprises the upwardly extending ears 38 each of which carries atransverse support 39, or equivalent, Fig. 3, and each support 39pivota'lly supporting an arm 40, these arms 40 forming the support for atransverse rod 4|, Fig. 2, which, adjacent each end at thereof, has aroller 4i2i freely rotatable there on, these rollers: being corrugatedperipherally and being suitably restrained so as to be incapable of anysubstantial movement longitudinally of said rod 4|. As indicated,the'arms 40 comprise the respective upwardly extending sections 40a towhich sets of weights 43 are secured, these weights serving topositively bias the arms 40 and rollers 42in a clockwise direction, Fig.1, so that said rollers 42 are utilizable in a web-feeding manner ashereinafter described. i I 7 As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the bottom wallof the lens housing l6 has secured thereto in suitable manner a plate 44terminating in an inclined section 44a, Disposed adjacent this inclineds'ection 44a is a horizontal shaft 45, the opposite ends of which aremounted in bearings formed by blocks 46'. As clearly illustrated in.

Fig. 2, the aforesaid frame 23, atopposite sides thereof, comprises therespective depending sections 41 to each of which a leaf spring 48 orequivalent is secured, these leaf springs 48 being secured totherespective blocks 46 whereby the latter together with the shaft 45are biased in a direction from left to right, Fig. 3. As shown in Fig.2, the shaft 45 comprises a plurality of spaced, peripheral surfaces4511 which, preferably, are edged as shown.

Coactable with the web section disposed at any particular time betweenthe platen 5 of the typing mechanism T and the bottom of the projectionfield is a control rod, member, or equivalent 5% which extendstransversely of said web, this member 50 preferably comprising aplurality of peripheral, edged surfaces 50a which engage the web W inthe. manner hereinafter described. Secured in fixed relation to each endof the member 58 is an arm 5|, and each arm 5| is pivoted to a memberextending laterally from. the

lower end of each of the aforesaid depending sections 4'? of the frame23.

Secured to and movable with that arm 5| at the left as shown in Fig. 3is a member 52 having projecting therefrom an electricity-insulating arm53 which carries an electrical contact 54, said arm 53, if desired,carrying a biasing weight 53a, Fig. l. Coactable with this movablecontact 54 is a fixed electrical contact 55 carried by anelectricity-insulating arm 56 fixed to the lower section of the adjacentframe section 41. As shown in Fig. 2, the movable contact 54 hasconnected thereto a conductor 51 which leads to through suitablespeed-reducing gearing con- :3

tained in. a gear box 62, Fig. 2.

The operation is as follows:

For purposes of explanation, it may be assumed that the web W has beenthreaded through the typing device T in the manner well understood inthe art but that, as yet, said web has not been positioned operativelywith respect to the projector P.

Under these circumstances, the assembly comprising the rod 4|, rollers42 and weights 43 are swung counter-clockwise from the position thereofshown in Fig. l and then the pin 3|! is withdrawn from the positionthereof as shown in Fig. 2 whereupon thefra'me 23 is swung to openposition on the pin 22 as an axis. Thereupon, an extended section of theweb W is obtained from the typing device T and then, whilemaintained'taut, the web is placed in operative relation with respect tothe projection field i9 of the projector Pf Thus, in the arrangementshown although not necessarily, the web W is extended above the platen5, one transverse surface of the web engaging the inclined section44aiof the plate 44 while a transverse surface further along the web isdisposed upon the aforesaid corrugated surface of the roller 31 beyondwhich the web extends in a direction from left to right, for example, asshown in Fig. 1.

Upon completion of the foegoing, the frame 23 is returned to theposition thereof as shown and the pin 30 is restored to its operativeposition as illustrated in Fig. 2 to thereby positively lock said frame23 in its operative position. As a result, the edged surfaces 450. cfthe shaft 45 are moved into engagement with one transverse surface ofthe web W to thereby hold said web in engagement with the inclinedsection 44a of the plate 44, the springs 48 serving, in'an obviousmanner, to maintain this transverse gripping of the Web. With the web Wstill maintained taut and in vertical position as shown, the assemblycomprising the rod 4|, rollers 42 and weights 43 are swung clockwise tothe position shown in Fig. 1 whereby said rollers 42 hold the web indrawing or moving relation with respect to the roller 31.

As a result of the foregoing, it results that a taut section of the webW is maintained between the platen rollers 8, 8 and the transverselygripped websection as effected by theedged sur faces 45a of the shaft 45in conjunction with the inclined section 440. of the plate 44 all asshown by the full lines in Fig. 3.

This taut web section last named is engaged by the edged surfaces a ofthe aforesaid control member 50 with the result that the assemblycomprising the control member 50, arms 5|, member 52, arm 53 and movablecontact 54 are held, against the force of gravity tending to swing themin a counter-clockwise direction, Figs. 1 and 3, in a position such asshown by the full lines in Fig. 3. When said assembly is thuspositioned, the movable contact 55 is spaced from the fixed contact 55and the circuit of the motor 58 is open. It results, therefore, that theroller 31 is stationary and, likewise, the web section in the projectionfield I9 is stationary when the control member 59 is positioned as abovedescribed.

At this time, the typing device T may be placed in operation ,to typeeither an entire or partial line of characters 1: transversely of theweb W. At the conclusion of this typing operation, the typing device T,under operator control, is actuated to impart a step of rotativemovement to the platen 5, in a clockwise direction, Figs. 1 and 3.

When this is done, a slack section is formed in the web between theplaten 5 and the member 44 with the result that the member 5!], underthe influence of gravity, moves to the position thereof such as shown inFig. 3 at pl, the web W assuming the slack section position thereofshown at wl. As a result, the movable contact 54 take-s a position asshown at cl wherein said movable contact 54 is in contacting positionwith the contact 55 to close the circuit of the motor 58 and efiectmovement of the roller 31 in a clockwise direction, Figs. 1 and 3,whereby the web W is drawn through the projection field by reason of thefact that the rollers 42 hold the web in clutching engagement with saidroller 31.

In accordance with the invention, the gear ratio between the armatureshaft 6! and the shaft 33 of roller 32' is such that the web W is drawnthrough the projection field IS at a speed which is a fraction of thespeed at which the web is moved when the platen 5 is rotated in themanner described above. In other words, the roller 3'! moves the webthrough said projection field at such slow speed that some or a largepart of the next succeeding full line has been typed before movement ofthe web through the projection field is discontinued.

As rotation of the roller 31 continues, the aforesaid slack section wiof the web W is taken up and, in a short time, the web comes intoengagementwith the control member 50 and, as tautening of the webcontinues, said control member 58 is moved in a clockwise direction,Fig. 3, from the position thereof shown at pl, this movement of thecontrol member being accompanied by similar clockwise movement, Fig. 3,of the assembly comprising the arms 5|, member 52, arm 53 and movablecontact 54. When the movable contact 54 leaves the fixed contact 55, thecircuit of the motor 58 is opened and the latter becomes nonresults inthe successive slow movements of the web through the projection fieldI9.

As well understood in the art, the oscillatable arms 4, 4 of the typingdevice T, under operator control, may be swung in a clockwise direction,Fig. 1, to position the platen 5 in an upper case position, as shown bythe broken lines in Fig. 3, so that an upper case character may betyped.

Assuming that the web W, between the platen 5 and the plate 44 is tautas shown in Fig. 1 and that the platen 5 is then moved to upper caseposition, a slack section is formed in the web between the platen 5 andthe member 55 with the result that the control member 5! is permitted tomove to such a position thereof as is shown in Fig. 3 at p2, the web Wassuming the position shown at w2. As a result, the movable contact 54takes a position-as indicated at 02 but, as shown, this is not acontacting position with the contact 55, Fig. 3. Therefore, when theplaten 5 is moved to an upper case position as just ,described, themotor 58 remains non-energized and, consequently, there is no movementof the W through the projection field at that time.

However, in the event that the web W is not taut between the platen 5and the plate there is produced, when said platen 5 is moved to uppercase position, a slack web section of sufficient length to permit themovable contact 5 to come into engagement with the fixed contact 55whereby the motor 58 is energized to cause the web W to be drawn throughthe projection field. This energiz'ation, usually, is only for a shortperiod of time compared to that occurring after a line spacingoperation. In actual operation, there may be a plurality of such shortmotor energizations responsive, respectively, to a plurality ofmovements of the platen 5 to upper case position. However, if thereshould be numerous movements of the platen 5 to upper case positionduring the typing of a single line, the web N, eventually, between theplaten 5 and plate 45 necessarily becomes more or less tautsubstantially as shown in Fig. 1. When this happens, any succeedingmovement of the platen 5 to upper case position during the typing ofsaid last named line is ineffective as regards closure of the contacts54, 55 and operation of the motor 53.

It will be understood, as indicated in Fig. 2, that a plurality of typedlines are disposed within the borders of the projection aperture i9. Ina gradual manner and under the control of the member 55, as hereinbeforedescribed, these typed lines are moved upwardly so that, in. slowsuccession, they enter said projection apert 55 at the lower sidethereof and pass therefrom at the upper side thereof.

In the form of the invention herein illustrated, the web W is formedfrom cellophane, glassine paper, or equivalent so as to be properlytransparent for rear projection purposes. Accordingly, the projectinglight beam passes from right to left, Fig. 1, through the aperture iiiand the web section framed thereby, said light beam engaging the mirror35 and being deflect-e upwardly so as to pass through the objective lens32 from which said light beam passes in any suitable manner to anysuitable screen, not shown.

This screen exhibits images of the typed lines of information as thelatter are framed by the projection aperture [9. As hereinbefore stated,the typed lines move at a slow rate of speed through the projectionfield and, therefore, the images of such typed lines, as they appear onthe projection screen, move at a corresponding slow minute.

rate of speed. This slow movement of the line images contrasts decidedlywith the quick movement of corresponding line images in prior artdevices wherein the printed lines are moved through the projection fieldat the same high speed as said lines are ejected from the printingdevice. The slow movement of the line images in accordance with myinvention is desirable, compared with the aforesaid prior art quickmovement, by reason of the fact that the spectators grouped about thescreen are enabled to read and analyze the news without undueconcentration, eye strain, or nervous shock.

The web W may be disposed of in any suitable manner after it passesbeyond the hereinbefore described drawing means comprising the roller3'! and associated rollers 42. Thus, for example, said web W may bepassed through a slot formed in the top wall l2 of the cabinet for theprojector. Or, as shown, said web W may be wound upon a reel 63rotatably mounted on a shaft'Ed supported by an extension of the lamphousing i l. Utilizable for rotating this reel 63 is a spring belt 65which is operated by a pulley 66 carried by the aforesaid shaft 36 whichsupports the roller 31. With an arrangement of this character, the belt65 tends to rotate the reel 63 at a speed somewhat faster than the webis supplied thereto. Therefore, the web remains taut but fracturethereof is prevented by reason of the fact that the belt 65 readilyslips by reason of its spring configuration.

It is well understood in the art that the space between lines typed bythe aforesaid typing device T may vary within certain limits. For agiven setting of the switch contacts 54, 55 and for a specified spacebetween adjacent typed lines, a step of rotative movement of the platenas described above results in the production of a slack web sectionsuch, for example, as shown at w! in Fig. 3. Under differentcircumstances, the space between adjacent typed lines may be such thateach step of rotative movement of the platen 5 results in the productionof a slack web section substantially longer than as shown at wl. Or, thespace between adjacent typed lines may be so close that, unless thecontacts are reset to conform to the new spacing, two or more steps ofrotative movement are required in order to produce a slack web ofsufficient length to permit closure of the switch contacts 54, 55.

In commercial practice, the web W has been drawn through a projectionfield !9 at a rate varying between four and eight inches per As will beunderstood, the difference in rate depends principally upon thefrequency of operation of the line-spacing mechanism of the typingdevice T tog-ether with the distance be tween typed lines. In accordancewith the invention, it appears that gradually accelerating arrangementsfor drawing the web up to a maximum rate of eight lineal inches perminute are entirely satisfactory. However, it shall be distinctlyunderstood that my invention is not to be limited to web-drawing speedsas just noted since, if desired, such speeds may be greater or less asdesired while still remaining within th purview of the invention. It iswell known that typing devices T as herein disclosed are often operatedto produce sev eral line spaces in quick succession. When this happens,the slack web section between the platen 5 and the lower edge of theprojection field is substantially longer than as shown in Fig. 3 at wl.However, the speed of the motor 58, al

though slow compared with prior art arrangements, is suflicient to causesaid slack web section last named to be taken up without undue delay.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 4 and 5, a member 61 issecured in fixed position to one wall of the condenser housing, thismember carrying the fixed contact 55. Pivoted on an axis 68 to therespective opposite walls of said condenser housing are the members 59which support a control member 50 of the character hereinbeforedescribed, this pivoted assembly being biased in a counter-clockwisedirection, Fig. 4, by a spring 10, Fig. 4. The movable contact 54 issecured to that member 69 which is adjacent the member 61, the contacts54 and 55 having the respective conductors 51 and 60 secured thereto.

With the parts positioned as shown in Fig. 4, it

will be understood that the formation of the aforesaid slack web sectionby rotative operation of the platen 5 permits the spring to move thepivoted assembly comprising the members 69 and 50 in a counter-clockwisedirection, Fig. 4, to cause engagement between the fixed contact 55 andthe movable contact 54 whereby the motor 58 is energized to effectmovement of the Web through the projection field in the mannerhereinbefore described. In this and other respects, the aforesaidpivoted assembly operates in substantiallyv the same manner for controlpurposes as above described in connection with Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

The main difference between the pivoted control arrangement of Figs. 1,2, 3 and the one of Figs. 4 and 5 resides'in the fact that the former ispivoted to the frame 23 whereas the latter is pivoted to the condenserhousing. The former, then, is moved toone side when the frame 23 isopened. The latter, however, remains in position substantially as shownin Fig. 4 when the frame 23 is opened and, therefore, it becomesnecessary to thread the web behind the control member 58. This is notthe case With the construction of Figs. 1, 2 and 3 because the controlmember 50 is positioned at one side when the web is threaded and saidcontrol member is closed upon the web when the frame 23 is moved toclosed position.

In view of the description hereinbefore given, it becomes obvious thatthe control member 50, whether supported as in Figs. 1, 2, 3 or as inFigs. 4 and 5, is a mechanically supported movable control member whichis biased in one direction and restrained by the web, when the latter istaut, to prevent operation of the motor 58, said control member 50moving in response to its biasing force, when the slack web section isproduced, to close the contacts of the disclosed electrical circuit andto effect operation of the motor 58. Although this is a presentpreferred control arrangement, it shall be understood that the inventionis not to be thus limited.

Thus, referring to the modified control arrangement of Fig. 6, there isshown a fixed contact T2 to which the aforesaid conductor 60 isconnected, this fixed contact 12 having coactable therewith a movablecontact 13 positioned either horizontally or vertically which contact,inherently, is biased to open position with respect to said fixedcontact 12. This electrical contact arrangement is disposed in the areaat one side of the web W between the platen 5 and the projection field.Disposed in the same area at the other side of said web W is a conduit14 from the nozzle of which a stream of air is forced under pressure byany suitable pump, not shown.

' The arrangement of the parts shown Fig. 6 is such that production ofthehereinbefore described slack web section wI in response to a step ofrotative movement of the platen permits the stream of air issuing fromthe conduit 14 to move the web W into engagement with the movablecontact I3 whereby the latter is closed upon the fixed contact I2, thiscausing resultant operation of the motor 58. As the aforesaid slack websection is taken up by operation of said motor, the web W recedes fromthe movable contact "I3 and then acts in barrier-fashion to prevent thestream of air issuing from said conduit I4 from holding the movablecontact I3 closed upon the contact I2. When this happens, the contact I3opens and operation of the motor 58 is discontinued whereupon the websection in the projection field I9 becomes stationary in approximatelythe position shown by the full lines in Fig. 6.

Referring to the modified control arrangement of Fig. 7, there is showna movable contact I5 to which the aforesaid conductor 60 is secured,this movable contact l5 having a fixed contact 78 coactable therewith,said fixed contact I6 being connected to the aforesaid conductor 51.Coactable with the. movable contact is the stem Tia of a plunger TImounted for reciprocatory movement in an air chamber I8 having a passageiBa in the ,bottom wall thereof, said plunger 1'! being biased in adownward direction by a helical spring 19. Communicating with thechamber I8 above the plunger I? is a conduit 88 which leads to asuitable air exhausting pump 8! utilizable for moving air through theconduit in the direction of the arrow shown thereon.

Connected in branching relation to the conduit 80 is a conduit 82 havinga pivoted closure plate 83 disposed at the otherwise open end thereof,said pivoted closure plate 83 being biased to open position and beingdisposed in the area at one side of the web W between the platen 5 andthe projection field. s

When the hereinbefore described slackweb section wl exists after a stepof rotative movement of the platen 5, thepivoted closure plate 83 freelyremains in open position. Accordingly, the pump 8i draws air from theatmosphere through the conduits 82 and 88, but little or no air iswithdrawn from the chamber I8 by way of the conduit 88 connectedthereto. Since a partial vacuum is not produced above the plunger 11,the contact 15 remains closed upon the contacts I6 and, when thesecontacts are closed, the motor 58 operates to draw the web W through theprojection field I i9 in the slow manner hereinbefore described.

Eventually, the slack web section wI is taken up by operation of themotor58 and, when this happens, the web mechanically engages the pivotedclosure plate 83 to thereby close the open end of conduit 82.Thereafter, the pump 8I draws air from the, chamber 18 by way of theconduit 80 and the resultant partial vacuum causes the plunger .l'l' torise against the action of spring 19, the stem 'l'la separating themovable contact 15 from the fixed contact 16, this operation resultingin deenergization of the motor 58 whereby the web W becomes-stationaryin the projection field I9. i

{In the modified form of control arrangement of Fig. 8, the aforesaidconductor 68 is connected to a movable contact 84-coactable with a fixedcontact-85 having connected thereto the conductor 51 which leads to oneterminal of the electric motor 58. Coactable with the movable contact 88is a stem 85a of aplunger 85 mounted for reciprocatory movement in anair chamber 88 having an air passage 86a in the lower wall thereof, saidplunger 85 being biased in a downward direction by a helical spring 81.Communicating with the chamber 88 is a conduit 88 which leads to asuitable air exhausting pump 89 utilizable for moving air through saidconduit in the direction of the arrow shown thereon. Branching from andconnected to the conduit 88 is a conduit 98 having an open port 9|disposed in the area at one side of the web W between the platen 5 andthe projection field.

When the hereinbefore described slack web section w! exists with thearrangement of Fig. 8 after a step of rotative movement of the platen 5,the port 9! is closed by said web section wI. As a result, the pump 89creates a partial vacuum in the chamber 86 and the plunger 85 rises withresultant closure of the contact 84 upon the contact 85. The motor 58 isthereby energized to draw the web W slowly through the projection field,this operation continuing until the slack web section wl becomes nearlytaut. At this time, the web W moves from the port 9! and the latteropens. Air is ,now drawn from the atmosphere by way of conduits 98 and88. Little or no air is drawn from the chamber 86 at this time, and,therefore, the plunger 85 returns to the position shown. Consequently,the motor 58 is deenergized and the web becomes stationary in theprojection field.

In the modified control arrangement of Fig. 9, the above describedconductors 68 and 51 are connected to the output terminals of anampliher 94 of the type operable by a photo-electrical cell 95 whichreceives a beam of light from a suitable lamp 96, the beam of lightbeing defiected by a mirror 91 and condensed by a lens 98.

The mirror 91 is mounted in the path of said light beam on a lever 99pivoted at I08 in the area between the platen 5 and the projectionfield, said lever 99 being suitably biased in a counter-clockwisedirection by a spring IUI. Extending laterally from the lever 99 are aplurality of idler rollers I82, I83 and H34, these rollers coacting withthe web W in the manner shown in Fig. 9.

When a long web section exists in the arrangement of Fig. 9 after a stepof rotative movement of the platen 5, the lever 99 is in substantiallythe position shown. As a result, the amplifier 9 is energized and thecircuit of the motor 58 is closed to thereby cause the web to be drawnthrough the projection field. This operation continues until theaforesaid long web section shortens to cause clockwise movement of thelever 99, Fig. 9, whereby the passage of the light beam 95 to thephoto-electric cell is discontinued with consequent deenergization ofthe motor 58 and discontinuation of the web movement through theprojection field.

The use of the herein described edged surfaces 45a and 58a is desirablebecause these surfaces necessarily coact with the freshly inked surfaceof the web and, because edged, they prevent any substantial amount ofsmudging. As will be understood, the edged surfaces 45a constitute ameans for retarding movement of the web whereby the web section in theprojection field is maintained taut and plane. 7

Although I have described arrangements of a particular type for drawingthe web W through the projection field and for retarding the passage ofsaid web through said projection field, it hall be understood that theinvention is not to be thus limited. Obviously, other equivalentarrangements may be utilized as desired.

Although I have shown the typing device T as positioned in a certainrelation with respect to the projector P, it shall be understood thatthis relation may be departed from in such manner as may be founddesirable and necessary. Thus, for example, this relation may bedifferent in the sense that the platen 5 is substantially further to theleft than as shown in Fig. 3.

While I have described my invention in connection with a typewriter T,it shall be understood that the invention is not to be thus limited.Thus, for example, there may be substituted for said typewriter T aDow-Jones, Burry or other printing device, the Web-ejecting mechanismsof which serve to move the web toward the herein described controlmember 50, or equivalent.

As stated, the cooperative contacts, such as the contacts 54 and 55, ofthe control mechanism may be attached to the frame 23, Figs. 1, 2 and 3,or to the condenser housing "5, Figs. 4 and 5, and it will be obvious,if desired, that one of these contacts may be attached to said frame 23and that the other contact may be attached to said condenser housing l6.

In this specification and in the appended claims, the references totyping, typing device, or equivalent shall be understood as genericallycomprehending any equivalent thereof such, for example, as a Dow-Jonesor Burry printer or the like, a telautograph, etc.

While the invention has been described with respect to certainparticular preferred examples which give satisfactory results, it willbe understood by those skilled in the art after understanding theinvention, that various changes and modifications may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intendedtherefore in the appended claims to cover all such changes andmodifications.

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. The method of controlling movement of a web, which comprises'typingall or a part of a line of information transversely of said web, feedingthe web a line space at the conclusion of the line-typing operation, andmoving the typed Web toward or in a projection field during the periodrequired for typing at least a substantial part of the suceeding line ofinformation transversely on said web.

2. The method of controlling movement of a web, which comprises typingat least a substantial part of a line of information transversely of aweb section while the latter is stationary, and, while said web sectionremains stationary, moving another section of 'said web through aprojection field.

3. The method of controlling movement of a web, which comprises typingat least a substantial part of a line of information transversely of aweb section while the latter is stationary, feeding said web a linespace at the conclusion of the line-typing operation to thereby produceslack in the web, and, under control of the slack web section, movinganother section of said web through a projection fieldsimultaneouslywhile at least a substantial part of another line of information isbeing typed on said web.

4. The method of controlling movement ofa web, which comprisestyping atleast a substantial part of a line of information transversely of awebsection while the latter is stationary,

feeding said web a line space at the conclusion of the line-typingoperation to thereby produce slack in the web, and, under control of theslack web section, moving another section of said web through aprojection field at the same time that the web is at rest in the typingposition.

5.In.,combination, a-device for typing characters in line formationtransversely of a web, means for feeding said web a line space at theconclusion of a line-typing operation, means for moving the typed webthrough a projection field after operation of said feeding means, andmeans for operating said moving means to move the typed web through saidprojection field during the period required for typing at least a substantial 'part of the succeeding line of information.

6. In combination, a device for typing characters in line formationtransversely of a web, means for feeding said web a line space at theconclusion ofeach line-typing operation, means for drawing the typed webthrough a projection field 'afte'reach operation of said feeding means,and means for operating said drawing means at a speed which is onlyfractionally as great as the speed of operation of said feeding means.

7. In combination, a 'device for typing characters in line formationtransversely of a web, means for feeding said web a line space at theconclusion of each line-typing operation, means for drawing the typedweb through a projection field after each operation of said feedingmeans, means for operating said last named means at slow speed'to drawthe typed web through said projection field, and means for operatingsaid first named'means, when feeding said web, at a speed 'many times asfastas the speedof said drawing means.

8. In combination, 'a device for typing characters in line'formationtransversely on one section of a web'whilethe latteris held stationary,means for drawing another section of a web through a'projection field,and means for operating'said drawing means while said first named websection remains-stationary at said typing device.

9. In combination, a device for typing characters in line formationtransversely of one-section of a web while the latter is heldstationary, means for drawing another section of a web through aprojection field, and-means for operating'said drawing means whilesaidfirst named Web section remains stationary at said typing deviceandduringoperation of the latter.

-10. In 'combinationja device for'typing charactersin line formationtransversely of a web, means for-fee'ding said web'a line space at theconclusion of 'each'line-typing operation, means for drawingthetyped-web through a projection field after 'each operation of'saidfeeding means, meansfor operatingsaid drawing means to move the typedwebthrough said projection field during the period required for typing atleast a substantial part of'the succeeding line of information, andmeans controlled by'a section of said webfor controlling said operatingmeans.

11. In combination, 'a'devicefor typing characters in line formationtransversely of a web, means for feedingsaid web 'a line space at theconclusion of each line-typing operation, means for drawing the typedweb through a projection field after each-'operation-of said feedingmeans, means for-operating-said drawing means to move the typedwebthrough said'projection field during-the-period required fortyping atleast a substantial part of the succeeding line of information, andmeans controlled by a section of said web for controlling said operatingmeans, said web section being disposed between said typing device andsaid projection field and said web section being produced by operationof said feeding means.

12. In combination, a devic for typing characters transversely of a web,said device having lower and upper case positions, means for feed ingthe web a line space at the conclusion of each line-typing operation,means for drawing the typed web through a projection field, neans foroperating said drawing means upon movement of said device to upper caseposition provided that said feeding means had caused a slack Web sectionto exist between said device and said projection field when said devicewas in lower case position.

13. In combination, a device for typing characters transversely of aweb, said device having lower and upper case positions, means forfeeding the web a line space at the conclusion of each line typingoperation, means for drawing the typed web through a projection field,means for operating said drawing means upon movement of said device toupper case position provided that said feeding means had caused a slackweb section to exist between said device and said projection field whensaid device was in lower case position, said operating means beinginefiective upon movement of said device to upper case position providedthat said feeding means had caused a taut web section to exist betweensaid' device and said projection field when said device was in lowercase position.

DAVID F. NEWMAN.

